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  <section id="python-any-r1-build-time-dependency">
<h1>python-any-r1 — build-time dependency<a class="headerlink" href="#python-any-r1-build-time-dependency" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python-any-r1</span></code> eclass is used to enable Python support
in packages needing it purely at build time.</p>
<p>Eclass reference: <a class="reference external" href="https://devmanual.gentoo.org/eclass-reference/python-any-r1.eclass/index.html">python-any-r1.eclass(5)</a></p>
<section id="basic-use-for-unconditional-python">
<h2>Basic use for unconditional Python<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-use-for-unconditional-python" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>The defining feature of this eclass is that it defines a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_setup</span></code>
phase.  It normally calls <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_setup</span></code> function in order to find
a suitable Python interpreter, and set the global environment
appropriately.</p>
<p>This means that a most trivial package using an autotools-compatible
build system that needs Python at build time could look like
the following:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1"># Copyright 1999-2020 Gentoo Authors</span>
 <span class="c1"># Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2</span>

 <span class="nv">EAPI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">7</span>

<span class="hll"> <span class="nv">PYTHON_COMPAT</span><span class="o">=(</span> python3_<span class="o">{</span><span class="m">6</span>..8<span class="o">}</span> <span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class="hll"> inherit python-any-r1
</span>
 <span class="nv">DESCRIPTION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;A repository of data files describing media player capabilities&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">HOMEPAGE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://cgit.freedesktop.org/media-player-info/&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SRC_URI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://www.freedesktop.org/software/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PN</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">P</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">LICENSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;BSD&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SLOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;0&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">KEYWORDS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;~alpha amd64 ~arm ~arm64 ~hppa ~ia64 ~mips ppc ppc64 ~sh ~sparc x86&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">IUSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">RDEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&gt;=virtual/udev-208&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">DEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">RDEPEND</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">BDEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"><span class="s2">     </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_DEPS</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="s2">     virtual/pkgconfig</span>
<span class="s2"> &quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This ebuild demonstrates the absolute minimum working code.  Only
the three highlighted lines are specific to Python eclasses, plus
the implicitly exported <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_setup</span></code> phase.</p>
<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><span class="target" id="index-1"></span><span class="target" id="index-2"></span></section>
<section id="dependencies">
<span id="index-3"></span><h2>Dependencies<a class="headerlink" href="#dependencies" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>When depending on other Python packages, USE dependencies need to be
declared in order to ensure that the dependencies would be built against
the Python implementation used for the package.  When Python
dependencies need to be specified, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${PYTHON_DEPS}</span></code> gets replaced
by a call to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code> generator and a matching
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_check_deps()</span></code> function.</p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code> function accepts a template where literal
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${PYTHON_USEDEP}</span></code> is substituted with appropriate USE dependency.
It generates an any-of (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">||</span></code>) dependency that requires all
the packages to use the same Python interpreter, for at least one
of the supported implementations.</p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_check_deps()</span></code> function needs to be declared by ebuild
in order to test whether the implementation in question is suitable
for building the package.  In particular, it needs to verify whether
the particular branch of the any-of was satisfied, or whether all
dependencies were installed for the current interpreter.  For that
purpose, the function is called with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_USEDEP</span></code> variable declared
to the USE dependency string for the currently tested implementation.</p>
<p>This is best explained using an example:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1"># Copyright 1999-2020 Gentoo Authors</span>
 <span class="c1"># Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2</span>

 <span class="nv">EAPI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">6</span>
 <span class="nv">PYTHON_COMPAT</span><span class="o">=(</span> python3_<span class="o">{</span><span class="m">6</span>,7,8<span class="o">}</span> <span class="o">)</span>

 inherit meson python-any-r1

 <span class="nv">DESCRIPTION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;A file manager for Cinnamon, forked from Nautilus&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">HOMEPAGE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;http://developer.linuxmint.com/projects/cinnamon-projects.html&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SRC_URI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://github.com/linuxmint/nemo/archive/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PV</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz -&gt; </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">P</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">LICENSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;GPL-2+ LGPL-2+ FDL-1.1&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SLOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;0&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">KEYWORDS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;amd64 x86&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">IUSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">DEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"><span class="s2">     </span><span class="k">$(</span>python_gen_any_dep <span class="s1">&#39;</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">         dev-python/polib[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">         dev-python/pygobject:3[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">     &#39;</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="s2"> &quot;</span>

<span class="hll"> python_check_deps<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
</span><span class="hll">     python_has_version <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/polib[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span>
</span><span class="hll">     python_has_version <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/pygobject:3[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span>
</span><span class="hll"> <span class="o">}</span>
</span></pre></div>
</div>
<p>This means that the package will work with Python 3.6, 3.7 or 3.8,
provided that its both dependencies have the same implementation
enabled.  The generated <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">||</span></code> dep ensures that this is true for
at least one of them, while <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_check_deps()</span></code> verifies which
branch was satisfied.</p>
<p>The eclass provides a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_has_version</span></code> wrapper that helps
verifying whether the dependencies are installed.  The wrapper takes
a single optional dependency class flag, followed by one or more package
dependencies.  Similarly to EAPI 7+ <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">has_version</span></code>, the root flag
can be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-b</span></code> (for packages from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BDEPEND</span></code>), <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-d</span></code> (for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DEPEND</span></code>)
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-r</span></code> (for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RDEPEND</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IDEPEND</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PDEPEND</span></code>).  When no flag
is passed, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-b</span></code> is assumed.  The wrapper verifies whether
the specified packages are installed, verbosely printing the checks
performed and their results.  It returns success if all packages were
found, false otherwise.</p>
<p>Note that when multiple invocations are used, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&amp;&amp;</span></code> needs to be used
to chain the results.  The example above can be also written as:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python_check_deps<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
    python_has_version <span class="se">\</span>
        <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/polib[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span> <span class="se">\</span>
        <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/pygobject:3[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span>
<span class="o">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>It is important to understand that this works correctly only if
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_check_deps()</span></code> match exactly.
Furthermore, for any USE flag combination <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code> must be
called at most once.  In particular, it is invalid to split the above
example into multiple <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code> calls.</p>
</section>
<section id="conditional-python-use">
<h2>Conditional Python use<a class="headerlink" href="#conditional-python-use" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>In some packages, Python is only necessary with specific USE flag
combinations.  This is particularly common when Python is used for
the test suite.  In that case, the dependencies and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_setup</span></code> call
need to be wrapped in appropriate USE conditions:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1"># Copyright 1999-2020 Gentoo Authors</span>
 <span class="c1"># Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2</span>

 <span class="nv">EAPI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">7</span>

 <span class="nv">PYTHON_COMPAT</span><span class="o">=(</span> python3_<span class="o">{</span><span class="m">6</span>,7<span class="o">}</span> <span class="o">)</span>
 inherit python-any-r1

 <span class="nv">DESCRIPTION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Programmable Completion for bash&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">HOMEPAGE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://github.com/scop/bash-completion&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SRC_URI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://github.com/scop/bash-completion/releases/download/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PV</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">P</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.xz&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">LICENSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;GPL-2+&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SLOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;0&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">KEYWORDS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;~alpha amd64 arm ~arm64 ~hppa ia64 ~mips ppc ~ppc64 ~s390 ~sh sparc x86 ~amd64-linux ~x86-linux ~ppc-macos ~x64-macos ~x86-macos ~m68k-mint ~sparc-solaris ~sparc64-solaris&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"> <span class="nv">IUSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;test&quot;</span>
</span><span class="hll"> <span class="nv">RESTRICT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;!test? ( test )&quot;</span>
</span>
 <span class="nv">RDEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;&gt;=app-shells/bash-4.3_p30-r1:0&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">DEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"><span class="s2">     test? (</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">         </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">RDEPEND</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">         </span><span class="k">$(</span>python_gen_any_dep <span class="s1">&#39;</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">             dev-python/pexpect[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">             dev-python/pytest[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">         &#39;</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">     )&quot;</span>
</span>
 python_check_deps<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
     python_has_version -d <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/pexpect[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span>
     python_has_version -d <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/pytest[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span>
 <span class="o">}</span>

 pkg_setup<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
<span class="hll">     use <span class="nb">test</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> python-any-r1_pkg_setup
</span> <span class="o">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="additional-conditional-dependencies">
<h2>Additional conditional dependencies<a class="headerlink" href="#additional-conditional-dependencies" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>Another possible case is that Python is required unconditionally
but some dependencies are required only conditionally to USE flags.
The simplest way to achieve that is to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${PYTHON_DEPS}</span></code> globally
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code> in USE-conditional block, then express
a similar condition in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_check_deps()</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1"># Copyright 1999-2020 Gentoo Authors</span>
 <span class="c1"># Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2</span>

 <span class="nv">EAPI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">7</span>

 <span class="nv">PYTHON_COMPAT</span><span class="o">=(</span> python3_<span class="o">{</span><span class="m">6</span>,7<span class="o">}</span> <span class="o">)</span>
 inherit python-any-r1 cmake

 <span class="nv">DESCRIPTION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Qt bindings for the Telepathy D-Bus protocol&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">HOMEPAGE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://telepathy.freedesktop.org/&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SRC_URI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://telepathy.freedesktop.org/releases/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PN</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">/</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">P</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">.tar.gz&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">LICENSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;LGPL-2.1&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">SLOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;0&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">KEYWORDS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;amd64 ~arm arm64 x86&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"> <span class="nv">IUSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;test&quot;</span>
</span> <span class="nv">RESTRICT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;!test? ( test )&quot;</span>

<span class="hll"> <span class="nv">BDEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_DEPS</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">     test? (</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">         </span><span class="k">$(</span>python_gen_any_dep <span class="s1">&#39;</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">             dev-python/dbus-python[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">         &#39;</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">     )</span>
</span><span class="s2"> &quot;</span>

<span class="hll"> python_check_deps<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
</span><span class="hll">     use <span class="nb">test</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="m">0</span>
</span><span class="hll">     python_has_version -b <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/dbus-python[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span>
</span><span class="hll"> <span class="o">}</span>
</span></pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="multiple-sets-of-conditional-dependencies">
<h2>Multiple sets of conditional dependencies<a class="headerlink" href="#multiple-sets-of-conditional-dependencies" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h2>
<p>The hardest case for this eclass is to declare multiple Python
dependencies conditional to different USE flags.  While there are
multiple possible ways of doing that, the least error-prone is to move
USE conditional blocks inside <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python_gen_any_dep</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="c1"># Copyright 1999-2020 Gentoo Authors</span>
 <span class="c1"># Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2</span>

 <span class="nv">EAPI</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">6</span>
 <span class="nv">PYTHON_COMPAT</span><span class="o">=(</span> python3_6 <span class="o">)</span>

 inherit gnome2 python-any-r1

 <span class="nv">DESCRIPTION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;GObject library for accessing the freedesktop.org Secret Service API&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">HOMEPAGE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/Libsecret&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">LICENSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;LGPL-2.1+ Apache-2.0&quot;</span> <span class="c1"># Apache-2.0 license is used for tests only</span>
 <span class="nv">SLOT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;0&quot;</span>
 <span class="nv">KEYWORDS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;~alpha amd64 arm arm64 ia64 ~mips ppc ppc64 sparc x86&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"> <span class="nv">IUSE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;+introspection test&quot;</span>
</span> <span class="nv">RESTRICT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;!test? ( test )&quot;</span>
 <span class="c1"># Tests fail with USE=-introspection, https://bugs.gentoo.org/655482</span>
 <span class="nv">REQUIRED_USE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;test? ( introspection )&quot;</span>

 <span class="nv">DEPEND</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
<span class="hll"><span class="s2">     test? (</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">         </span><span class="k">$(</span>python_gen_any_dep <span class="s1">&#39;</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">             dev-python/mock[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">             dev-python/dbus-python[${PYTHON_USEDEP}]</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">             introspection? ( dev-python/pygobject:3[${PYTHON_USEDEP}] )</span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s1">         &#39;</span><span class="k">)</span><span class="s2"></span>
</span><span class="hll"><span class="s2">     )</span>
</span><span class="s2"> &quot;</span>

<span class="hll"> python_check_deps<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
</span><span class="hll">     <span class="k">if</span> use introspection<span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
</span><span class="hll">         python_has_version <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/pygobject:3[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="m">1</span>
</span><span class="hll">     <span class="k">fi</span>
</span><span class="hll">     python_has_version <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/mock[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span>
</span><span class="hll">     python_has_version --host-root <span class="s2">&quot;dev-python/dbus-python[</span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nv">PYTHON_USEDEP</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">]&quot;</span>
</span><span class="hll"> <span class="o">}</span>
</span>
 pkg_setup<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
<span class="hll">     use <span class="nb">test</span> <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> python-any-r1_pkg_setup
</span> <span class="o">}</span>
</pre></div>
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